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Kamis, 30 Agustus 2018

History of Financial Management

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Financial management has a role in the life of a company determined by the economic development of capitalism. At the beginning of the birth of capitalism as an economic system in the 18th century, financial management only discussed profit and loss. Furthermore, in succession he has a role as follows:1. Early 1900: Securities issuer2. 1930 - 1940: bankruptcy, reorganization3. Year 1940 - 1950: budget & internal audit4. 1950 - 1970: external company5. 1970 - 1980: inflation6. 1980 - 1990: financial economic crisis7. 1990 - present: globalization
The development of financial management is strongly influenced by various factors including monetary policy, tax policy, economic conditions, social conditions, and political conditions. Monetary policy is related to interest rates and inflation. Especially inflation has a direct impact on financial management, including problems:1. Problems with accounting2. Planning difficulties3. Demand for capital4. Interest rates5. Bond prices decline
Economic conditions also have a direct impact on financial management among other problems:1. International competition2. International finance3. The exchange rate fluctuates4. Marger, takeover and restructuring5. Financial innovation and financial engineering

Rabu, 29 Agustus 2018

Complete Explanation Regarding Financial Management

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What is meant by Financial Management?

Financial Management is management of financial functions. These financial functions include how to raising of funds and how to use allocation of funds. Financial managers have an interest in determining the amount of appropriate assets from investing in various assets and selecting sources of funds to finance the assets.

Financial managers have an interest in determining the amount of appropriate assets from investing in various assets and selecting sources of funds to finance these assets. To finance these funding needs, financial managers can fulfill them from sources that come from outside the company and can also come from within the company. Sources from outside the company come from the capital market,  meetings between parties need funds and parties who can provide funds. Funds originating from this capital market can take the form of debt (bonds) or own capital (shares). Sources from within the company come from the provision of company profits (retained earnings), reserves,
and depreciation.

After funds are obtained, these funds must be used to finance company operations. Funds will be embedded in various real assets of the company.

Some definitions:

Financial Management is the activity of the owner and management of a company to obtain capital resources as cheaply as possible and use them as effectively, efficiently, as productive as possible to generate profits.

Financial management can be defined from the duties and responsibilities of financial managers. Although the duties and responsibilities are different in each company, the main tasks of financial management include: decisions about investment, financing of business activities and dividend distribution of a company.

Financial Management is an activity of planning, budgeting, checking, managing, controlling, searching and storing funds owned by an organization or company.

  Financial Management Functions

Financial management can be defined from the duties and responsibilities of financial managers. The main tasks of financial management include decisions about investment, financing of business activities and dividend distribution of a company, thus the task of financial managers is to plan to maximize the value of the company.

Other important activities that must be carried out by financial managers involve four (4) aspects, namely:

  1. First, namely in planning and forecasting, where the financial manager must work with other managers who are also responsible for the general planning of the company. 
  2. Second, the financial manager must focus on various investment and financing decisions, as well as everything related to them. 
  3. Third, financial managers must work with other managers in the company so that the company can operate as efficiently as possible 
  4. Fourth, regarding the use of financial markets and capital markets, financial managers connect companies to financial markets, where funds can be obtained and company securities can be traded.
From the four aspects, it can be concluded that the principal tasks of financial managers are related to investment and financing decisions. In carrying out its functions, the duties of financial managers are directly related to the company's main decisions and affect the value of the company.